Many people have thickened, discolored toenails and fingernails. About 50% of these abnormal nails are due to a fungal infection of the nail bed, matrix, or nail plate. The medical terms for this type of fungal infection are onychomycosis or tinea unguium. Men are more often affected than women and usually later in life, after the age of 40.

Causes
The following are instances that either promote infection with fungi or encourage growth of fungi:

• Tight footwear promotes crowding of the toes keeps the toes warm and moist - a perfect environment for fungi to grow.
• Exercise can cause repeated minor trauma to the hyponychium allowing fungi to invade.
• Communal showers can expose the feet to fungi.
• Diseases that influence the immune system like AIDS and diabetes can make it easier for a fungal infection to start.

Self Care
Here are some things you can do to take care of your nails if you have a fungal infection:

• Keep your nails cut short and file down any thick areas.
• Don't use the same nail trimmer or file on healthy nails and infected nails. If you have your nails professionally manicured, you should bring your own nail files and trimmers from home.
• Wear 100 percent cotton socks. Change your socks when they are damp from sweat or if your feet get wet. Put on clean, dry socks every day. You can put over-the-counter antifungal foot powder inside your socks to help keep your feet dry.
• Wear shoes with good support and a wide toe area. Don't wear pointed shoes that press your toes together.
• Avoid walking barefoot in public areas, such as locker rooms.

Treatment
Several medicines can treat a fungal nail infection. Some of these medicines are not safe for people who have liver problems or a history of congestive heart failure. Be sure to let your doctor know if you have one of these conditions. Your doctor will decide which medicine is right for you.

Disclaimer: The information provided is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition. The opinions expressed on this site are not endorsed by New Balance Athletic Shoe, Inc.